| Start Date: | 2/19/2016 | Start Time: | 4:00 PM |
| End Date: | 2/19/2016 | End Time: | 5:30 PM |
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Event Description
BIOMED Seminar
Title:
Design, Development and Evaluation of Innovative Fusion Augmenting Spinal Hardware
Speaker:
Vijay K. Goel, PhD
Distinguished University Professor
Endowed Chair & McMaster-Gardner Professor of Orthopaedic Bioengineering
Co-Director, Engineering Center for Orthopaedic Research Excellence (E-CORE)
Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery
Colleges of Engineering and Medicine
University of Toledo
Details:
Introduction: Chronic lower back pain patients who don’t respond to conservative therapies may require surgical intervention. Surgery may range from procedures like discectomy, fusion with instrumentation, to application of motion preservation systems (e. g., artificial discs). At present, in the US, clinical outcomes of the motion preservation devices are suboptimal. In addition, due to the increase in the elderly population, shift to minimal invasive surgical procedures-MIS, changes in the health care laws, and growing medical-markets in developing nations, the stake holders are once again innovating fusion augmenting spinal implants. The talk presents our efforts to assess the technologies over the years, using state-of-art test protocols.
Methods: Besides the bench type and other tests to obtain FDA approval and CE Mark in EU, we have developed clinically relevant in-vitro protocols to evaluate an implant’s ability to reduce/restore motion across the decompressed and adjacent segments. Finite element models were developed to predict load sharing, and stresses/strains within the device and other spinal structures (Goel et al., 2006). Cages of various shapes and sizes, including expandable cages, posterior and anterior instrumentation, dynamic systems such as artificial discs (fabricated from stainless steel, titanium, PEEK, and bioresorbable materials) were evaluated. More recent testing involved spinal implants suitable for MIS.
Results: Cages alone didn’t reduce the motion across the index segment as effectively as cages supplemented with additional posterior/anterior instrumentation - 360 fusion systems. More recent expandable cage concepts were found to reduce motion to a level justifying their use without additional instrumentation. Biomechanics of posterior dynamic systems, with a few exceptions, was similar to fusion devices. Artificial discs restored the motion to normal values.
Discussion: Biomechanics of instrumentation support the in vivo data that devices do facilitate fusion. However, some patients still experience pain, thus not a clinical success. Motion restoring devices, including artificial discs, were thus developed. In-vitro and in-silico data predict these devices do maintain alignment and restore motion to normal values. However, clinical follow up data, to a large extent, reveal that these devices also lead to reduction in motion. The adjacent segment degeneration rates are within the range of the fusion devices as well. Hence, the shift back to the development of fusion devices suitable for MIS. Biomechanics of these devices is similar to their counter parts used for open surgery.
For more info, please visit drexel.edu/biomed.
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Biosketch:
Professor Vijay K. Goel, Ph. D. received his basic engineering education (B. S. and M. S. degrees) in India. He taught for almost 10 years in various engineering schools within India, including Indian Institute Technology, New Delhi. He started his career in the United States of America in 1979 as a Research Associate at Yale University after having earned his doctorate from the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia in 1978. He joined the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Iowa in 1982 as an Assistant Professor. In 1990, he became the Chairman of the department for a period of five+ years. During his tenure as Chair, the grant funding increased significantly, the curriculum was reorganized and the student enrollment increased.
In December 2000, Professor Goel moved to the University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering for a period of 5+ years. As Chair, he was instrumental in developing the departmental curriculum and establishment of the Orthopedic Biomechanics sub tract. He served as Co-Director of the Spine Research Center, a joint undertaking of the colleges of Engineering and Medicine from 2001 to 2006. He was a member of the Ohio’s Third Frontier on Biosciences Task Force. At present, he is the Distinguished University Professor, Endowed Chair & McMaster Gardner Professor, and Co-Director, Engineering Center for Orthopaedic Research Excellence (E-CORE) with a joint appointment in the departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery. |
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Location:
Papadakis Integrated Sciences Building (PISB), Room 120, located on the northeast corner of 33rd and Chestnut Streets. |
Audience:
Undergraduate StudentsGraduate StudentsFacultyStaff |
Special Features:
Online Access |
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